Louis (1920-1989)and Bebe Barron (b.1927).
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Presented with a tape recorder as a wedding gift by Louis' cousin, a 3M Company executive, the Barrons dedicated themselves to exploring the possibilities of 'musique concrète'.
Inspired by MIT mathematician Norbert Wiener's 1948 book Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, (the science of cybernetics proposing that certain natural laws of behavior apply equally to animals and more complex electronic devices) and an early fascination with electronics led Louis to construct sound generating circuitry which he and Bebe would then record and manipulate by adding effects such as tape delay, reverb and reverse playback. Most of the sounds were generated with a circuit called a ring modulator, the same device that gives The Daleks their distinctive vocal tone.
While Louis occupied himself with the business of constructing their devices, Bebe monopolised the actual composing and arranging of the music, sorting through hours of magnetic tape and editing it together.

In 1949 they opened one of the country's first privately owned recording studios, at 9 W. Eighth St. in Greenwich Village.
Their earliest clients were mostly literary types, among them Tennessee Williams, Henry Miller and Anaïs Nin. The Barrons recorded and released their work in a form of early audio book under the series title 'Sound Portraits'.
The first electronic music for magnetic tape composed in America entitled 'Heavenly Menagerie' was completed by Louis and Bebe in 1950 and took nearly a year to construct.
John Cage used the studio during 1952-53 and hired the Barrons to be the engineers for 'Williams Mix', his very first tape work and also on 'Music for Magnetic Tape' with other notable composers, including Morton Feldman, Earle Brown, and David Tudor.

The soundtrack for Forbidden Planet (1956) is today recognized as the first entirely electronic score for a film.
The Barrons, desperate for a more lucrative work after five years of struggle in the avant garde, crashed an art opening curated by the wife of MGM studio head Dore Schary.
Although similarly unorthodox choice Harry Partch was originally signed on as composer;Forbidden Planet's producers heard Louis and Bebe's 20 minute sound effect sample and handed the rest of the score to the Barrons to complete.
Controversy over whether the Barrons atonal compositions constituted 'music' frustrated Louis and Bebe's attempts to join the musicians union. As a result the Barrons were denied composer credit for Forbidden Planet, instead credited as “electronic tonalities,” and were rendered ineligible for an Oscar.
They never scored another film in Hollywood.

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